In earlier centuries, many pontiffs changed their names because their birth names had pagan origins, which was seen as inappropriate for their new spiritual position.
Not all popes have adopted a new name, though. Of the 267 popes in history, 129 have chosen to switch names.
What’s the meaning behind the name Leo?
When popes choose their name, it can be to pay homage to a former leader or to reflect the kind of papacy they hope to lead.
Some follow a familiar path by selecting a name of a past pope they admire. Others choose something entirely new to signal a fresh direction.
The name Leo ranks as the fifth most frequently used papal name.
Leo XIII, who served from 1878 to 1903, is remembered as a pioneering figure in the Church’s social justice movement. Experts believe that by choosing the name Leo, the new pope may be signaling an intent to lead with strength and clarity, especially during uncertain times.
What was Pope Francis’ original name?
Pope Francis took a slightly different path when selecting his name.
Born Jorge Mario Bergoglio in Buenos Aires, he became the first pope ever to choose the name Francis—believed to be a tribute to St. Francis of Assisi, a figure known for his advocacy of peace, poverty, and environmental stewardship.
Which names are most common among popes?
Over the centuries, the most frequently chosen papal names have been:
- John: 23 times
- Benedict: 16 times
- Gregory: 16 times
- Clement: 14 times
- Leo: 14 times
- Innocent: 13 times
- Pius: 12 times
